Brief Analysis of Filtration Efficiency Test of Anti-particulate Masks

Air particulate matter is the main component of air pollution, which becomes productive dust in the production environment, and is also called smog in the living environment. Production dust is the most serious occupational hazard factor in my country, and the occupational disease pneumoconiosis caused accounts for more than 80% of new occupational diseases in my country. In addition to dust control through industrial reform, wearing anti-particulate masks is the last barrier to protect the health of workers' respiratory system. . In recent years, my country's ambient air pollution has become increasingly serious, and the haze formed by particulate matter from industry and daily life has seriously affected the health of residents. Anti-particulate masks have gradually become an important product for residents to carry out respiratory protection, especially in the season when respiratory infectious diseases are prevalent. In 1995, the U.S. Department of Labor approved the use of effective anti-particulate masks in hospitals to prevent tuberculosis and other respiratory infectious diseases. With the widespread use of anti-particulate masks, their protective effects have also attracted increasing attention. The filtration efficiency of the filter material of the mask is a key factor affecting the protective performance of the protective mask. At present, the testing equipment for the filtration performance of the protective mask in my country is complex, only owned by professional institutions, and it is difficult for ordinary manufacturers and ordinary users to test. Therefore, in order to meet the filtration efficiency test of anti-particulate masks and effectively carry out respiratory protection, according to the filterability test principle of masks, that is, the difference between the concentrations of particles of different sizes in the internal and external environments of masks, the shape and type of masks currently used in the market are considered to prevent The design of a simple device for the filterability test of particulate masks to meet the needs of different types of mask design, production and users. 1. Materials and methods1. 1 Principle of the device for testing the filtration efficiency of anti-particulate masks The measurement principle of filtration efficiency is to measure the number or concentration of particles inside and outside the mask or on both sides of the mask when a certain flow of air passes through the filter material of the mask. According to the measurement principle of filtration efficiency. The measuring device mainly includes the fixing device of the filter material of the mask, the air flow control device through the mask, and the particle concentration measuring device inside and outside the mask. 1. 2 The mask filter material fixing device uses smooth surface steel as the design material of the mask fixing device, and its shape and opening shape match those of the anti-particulate masks commonly used in the market. Connection: Steel base, rubber pad and steel mask holder (Fig. 1), tightened with screws to ensure a tight seal. The bottom side of the base is connected to a silicone tube, which can be used for air extraction. Before the test, place the mask filter material on the mask fixing base with a hole in the middle. Before use, heat the hot melt adhesive to fill and fix the underside of the mask edge. seal. 1. 3 Air flow control device and interface connection The air flow control device consists of an air suction pump (air flow range: 10L/min ~ 100L/min) and a flowmeter in series. The flowmeter is connected to the base of the filter material fixing device through a silicone tube connect. The connection between the silicone tube and the pipeline at the base of the mask fixing device adopts a 180-degree straight extension connection, which avoids problems such as poor sealing, loose connection, and unstable airflow caused by the distortion of the silicone tube. The silicone tube is used as the connection material for each component (Figure 2). The silicone tube has excellent elasticity and resilience, and has good sealing performance to ensure that each interface is tightly connected; in the connection method, a silicone tube with a suitable aperture is connected to each component. The telescopic connection uses the good shrinkage of the silicone tube to tightly connect the silicone tube to the interface. 1. 4. Particulate matter concentration measuring device According to the calculation of hydrodynamics, the filter material mainly filters out the particulate matter through retention and electrostatic action, and the particle size of the most filtered particulate matter is aerodynamic diameter 0.3μm, designed to use the special instrument PortaCount (TSI8030, USA) for respirator suitability test as the particle concentration measuring device to measure the particle concentration inside and outside the mask.

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