Spot check 16% unqualified color fastness. What is color fastness?

On November 1, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine notified the special spot check of the national supervision of the quality of e-commerce bedding products in 2016. It spot-checked 50 batches of products produced by 48 enterprises, and the detection rate of unqualified products was 16%.　　 8 items including formaldehyde content, PH value, decomposable carcinogenic aromatic amine dyes, color fastness to acid and perspiration, color fastness to alkali and perspiration, color fastness to water, color fastness to dry rubbing, and fiber content were tested this time. After inspection, a total of 8 batches of products were unqualified. The main quality problems were: 3 batches of products were unqualified in PH value, 2 batches of products were unqualified for decomposable carcinogenic aromatic amine dyes, and 4 batches of products were unqualified for fiber content. The notification showed that a batch of four-piece byford fine satin jacquard set by Hangzhou Baifudi Home Textile Co., Ltd. was found to be unqualified for pH and fiber content items; one batch of Elegance E-commerce (Beijing) Co., Ltd. The four-piece silk floss jacquard S009 elegant 100, the fiber content item is unqualified.　　 1. What is color fastness?　　 Color fastness: refers to the resistance of the color of textiles to various effects during processing and use. The fastness grade is evaluated according to the discoloration of the sample and the staining of the undyed lining fabric. Textile color fastness test is a routine test item in the internal quality test of textiles.　　2. What aspects does color fastness include? Common ones include color fastness to soaping, color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to chlorine water, color fastness to non-chlorine bleaching, color fastness to dry cleaning, color fastness to actual washing (clothes, fabrics), color fastness to perspiration Color fastness to water, color fastness to light, color fastness to sea water, color fastness to saliva, etc.　　3. How to rate the color fastness? What is the unit?　　 Different purposes of dyeing products have different requirements for color fastness. In the simulation experiment, according to the color change of the sample before and after the experiment, compare it with the standard sample card to obtain the grade of color fastness. There are five grades of fastness to soaping, rubbing, and perspiration, with grade one being the worst and grade five being the best; light fastness and weather fastness are divided into eight grades, grade one being the worst and grade eight being the best. The unit is the series.　　 4. What is the highest color fastness of cotton cloth? What is the national standard first-class product?　　 All cotton fabrics are generally dyed with reactive dyes. The dry and wet rubbing fastness is the international first-class product above dry level 4 and wet level 3 or above; washing fastness, discoloration and staining are all required to be above level 4. Reactive dyes generally have poor color fastness to wet rubbing. If the colorant is not reinforced, generally dark fabrics can only achieve up to 2.5 levels, and level 3 can basically be achieved after the treatment of the reinforced colorant.　　 Washing fastness: Green or brilliant blue colors generally can only stain up to level 3, big red may stain up to level 3.5, and others can generally reach level 4. At present, the amount of reactive dyes is the largest, and the use process and related auxiliaries are relatively complete and mature, so general color fastness can be handled very well. For example, reactive dyes generally have low fastness to chlorine bleaching, and blue dyes with anthraquinone structure. There is a phenomenon of smoke fading, but it can all be improved with additives, but the cost is different. By the way, if you want to dye light-colored varieties, most cotton fabrics use high-cost vat dyes, because the light fastness (required above level 4) mainly depends on the dye itself, and it is difficult or limited to improve the auxiliaries and processes. .　　 5. What does self-staining fastness mean? Self-stick color fastness (commonly called) refers to when there are multiple colors in the sample (dyed or printed), and the shades are obviously different. When the sample or clothing is easy to cross contact with its own shades during washing, it may cause darkening. The case where the color is stained with a light color. During the test, the dark part and light part are usually taken directly from the fabric, and stitched together to form a combined sample, and then the required test procedure can be operated. When grading, it mainly depends on the light color staining.　　 6. What is the difference between color fastness to water and color fastness to washing? The color fastness to water is the color fastness to water immersion. The textile sample is attached to the specified lining fabric, immersed in water, squeezed out of water, and placed in the middle of two plates, and given a certain pressure to dry the sample After lining and lining, the gray sample card is used to evaluate the discoloration of the sample and the staining of the lining; the color fastness to washing is also called color fastness to soaping. The textile sample is sewn together with the specified lining fabric and placed In soap solution or a mixture of soap and anhydrous sodium carbonate, after a specific washing procedure in the washing fastness tester, after washing and drying, the original sample is used as a reference, and the gray scale or instrument is used to evaluate the discoloration and discoloration of the sample. Stain the lining. In short, the former only needs to be left standing in water, while the latter has to be washed with soap.　　 7. What is color fastness and staining fastness, and what is the difference?　　 Color fastness refers to the ability of a dye to maintain its original color. Validate under the environment of light, heat and cold cycle, chemical reagents, etc. Color fastness, the ability of dye transfer to adhere to other materials. It has been verified in experimental environments such as 100 grid test, dry friction, chemical reagents, and sweat. Specific test items are increased or decreased according to product performance requirements and working environment.　　 8. Is the color fastness marked on the clothing product the bigger the better or the smaller the better?　　The greater the color fastness, the less likely it is to fade during the cleaning process. For garment washing, the color fastness is the firmness of the color, the larger the color, the less likely to fade.

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